Who has to file an income tax return in India?
You must file if your gross total income before deductions exceeds the basic exemption limit — ₹3,00,000 under the new regime for those under sixty. Filing is also compulsory regardless of income if you deposited over ₹1 crore in a current account, spent over ₹2 lakh on foreign travel, paid over ₹1 lakh in electricity bills, or hold any foreign asset. Many people below the threshold file anyway, because the return is what banks and consulates ask for as proof of income.
ITR Filing for IndividualsITR
Should I choose the new tax regime or the old one?
The new regime is better for most salaried people, and the break-even sits at roughly ₹4,00,000 of total deductions — below that the new regime wins, above it the old one does. The new regime is now the default and taxes nothing up to ₹12,00,000 of taxable income after the section 87A rebate. The old regime only overtakes it once you are genuinely claiming large 80C investments, a home loan interest deduction and HRA together. Our calculator compares both on your actual numbers.
ITR Filing for IndividualsTax Optimisation
I missed the filing deadline. What now?
You can still file a belated return until 31 December of the assessment year, with a late fee of ₹1,000 if your income is under ₹5 lakh and ₹5,000 above that. You lose the right to carry forward business and capital losses, and interest runs at 1% a month on any unpaid tax. Past 31 December the only route is an updated return under section 139(8A), which costs an additional 25% to 70% of the tax depending on how late it is — so filing sooner is materially cheaper.
Belated ReturnUpdated Return
My refund has not arrived. Why?
The three usual causes are an unvalidated bank account, a return that was never e-verified, or a mismatch between your return and Form 26AS. A return is not treated as filed at all until it is e-verified within thirty days. Refunds are only paid into a pre-validated account held in the filer's own name. If all three are in order and it has been more than a few weeks, the refund may be held against an outstanding demand from an earlier year, which shows on the portal.
Form 26ASITR
I freelance. How is my tax different from a salaried person's?
You pay advance tax yourself in four instalments, because no employer is deducting it for you, and you can deduct genuine business expenses against your income. If your gross receipts are under ₹75 lakh you can use the presumptive scheme under section 44ADA and declare 50% of receipts as profit without maintaining detailed books. Missing the advance tax instalments is the single most common and most expensive mistake freelancers make, because the interest is charged per instalment.
ITR Filing for Business OwnersAdvance Tax
Do I have to declare profits from shares and mutual funds?
Yes, and the department already knows about them — every sale is reported to it and appears in your Annual Information Statement. Listed shares held over twelve months attract 12.5% long-term capital gains tax, with the first ₹1,25,000 of gains exempt each year; held under twelve months, the rate is 20%. Undeclared gains that show in the AIS are the most common trigger for a mismatch notice.
ITR Filing for IndividualsCapital GainsAIS