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Pathak Associates

सवाल-जवाब

अक्सर पूछे जाने वाले सवाल

30 सवाल जो हमसे सबसे ज़्यादा पूछे जाते हैं — सीधे जवाब, बिना घुमाए।

शुरुआत

पाठक एसोसिएट्स के ज़रिए फाइलिंग कैसे होती है?

आप अपनी स्थिति के बारे में कुछ सवालों के जवाब देते हैं, हम आपको एक निश्चित कीमत भेजते हैं, और स्वीकार करते ही हमारी टीम फाइलिंग करती है जबकि आप पोर्टल पर प्रगति देखते रहते हैं। किसी भी काम के लिए दफ़्तर आने की ज़रूरत नहीं।

क्या मुझे आपके दफ़्तर आना होगा?

नहीं। पूरी प्रक्रिया ऑनलाइन होती है — पहले सवाल से लेकर अंतिम पावती तक। रांची कार्यालय खुला है यदि आप आना चाहें, पर यह आवश्यक नहीं है।

क्या आप झारखंड के बाहर के ग्राहकों के लिए भी काम करते हैं?

हाँ — हम पूरे भारत में फाइलिंग करते हैं। आयकर और जीएसटी केंद्र सरकार की प्रक्रियाएँ हैं जो हर राज्य में एक जैसी हैं।

How long does a filing take?

A straightforward salaried income tax return is normally filed within three to five working days of receiving your documents. GST registration takes seven to ten working days because it depends on the department's verification. Company incorporation runs ten to fifteen working days. Each service page states its own timeline, and your portal shows where your work has actually reached.

What if I am not sure which service I need?

Tell us your situation and we will tell you — there is no charge for working that out. Most people arrive certain they need one thing and turn out to need something simpler or slightly different. The guided quote asks about your income sources and entity type precisely so that the right service is identified before anyone quotes a price.

आयकर

भारत में आयकर रिटर्न किसे भरना ज़रूरी है?

यदि कटौती से पहले आपकी कुल आय मूल छूट सीमा — नई व्यवस्था में ₹3,00,000 — से अधिक है तो रिटर्न भरना अनिवार्य है। कुछ स्थितियों में आय कम होने पर भी फाइलिंग ज़रूरी है।

व्यक्तियों के लिए आईटीआर फाइलिंगआईटीआर

मुझे नई कर व्यवस्था चुननी चाहिए या पुरानी?

अधिकांश वेतनभोगियों के लिए नई व्यवस्था बेहतर है। लगभग ₹4,00,000 की कुल कटौती पर दोनों बराबर होती हैं — उससे कम पर नई, अधिक पर पुरानी व्यवस्था फ़ायदेमंद है।

व्यक्तियों के लिए आईटीआर फाइलिंगकर नियोजन एवं अनुकूलन

I missed the filing deadline. What now?

You can still file a belated return until 31 December of the assessment year, with a late fee of ₹1,000 if your income is under ₹5 lakh and ₹5,000 above that. You lose the right to carry forward business and capital losses, and interest runs at 1% a month on any unpaid tax. Past 31 December the only route is an updated return under section 139(8A), which costs an additional 25% to 70% of the tax depending on how late it is — so filing sooner is materially cheaper.

विलंबित रिटर्नअद्यतन रिटर्न

My refund has not arrived. Why?

The three usual causes are an unvalidated bank account, a return that was never e-verified, or a mismatch between your return and Form 26AS. A return is not treated as filed at all until it is e-verified within thirty days. Refunds are only paid into a pre-validated account held in the filer's own name. If all three are in order and it has been more than a few weeks, the refund may be held against an outstanding demand from an earlier year, which shows on the portal.

फॉर्म 26ASआईटीआर

I freelance. How is my tax different from a salaried person's?

You pay advance tax yourself in four instalments, because no employer is deducting it for you, and you can deduct genuine business expenses against your income. If your gross receipts are under ₹75 lakh you can use the presumptive scheme under section 44ADA and declare 50% of receipts as profit without maintaining detailed books. Missing the advance tax instalments is the single most common and most expensive mistake freelancers make, because the interest is charged per instalment.

व्यवसाय मालिकों के लिए आईटीआर फाइलिंगअग्रिम कर

Do I have to declare profits from shares and mutual funds?

Yes, and the department already knows about them — every sale is reported to it and appears in your Annual Information Statement. Listed shares held over twelve months attract 12.5% long-term capital gains tax, with the first ₹1,25,000 of gains exempt each year; held under twelve months, the rate is 20%. Undeclared gains that show in the AIS are the most common trigger for a mismatch notice.

व्यक्तियों के लिए आईटीआर फाइलिंगपूँजीगत लाभएआईएस

जीएसटी

जीएसटी पंजीकरण कब कराना ज़रूरी है?

अधिकांश राज्यों में वस्तुओं के लिए ₹40 लाख और सेवाओं के लिए ₹20 लाख वार्षिक कारोबार पार करने पर पंजीकरण अनिवार्य है। कुछ मामलों में पहले रुपये से ही पंजीकरण ज़रूरी होता है।

जीएसटी पंजीकरणजीएसटी पंजीकरण सीमाजीएसटीआईएन

How often do I have to file GST returns?

Monthly for most registered businesses — GSTR-1 by the eleventh and GSTR-3B by the twentieth of the following month. Businesses with turnover up to ₹5 crore can opt into the QRMP scheme and file quarterly instead, though tax still has to be paid every month. Composition dealers file one annual return in GSTR-4 plus a quarterly payment statement.

मासिक जीएसटी रिटर्नजीएसटी तिमाही फाइलिंग (QRMP)जीएसटीआर-1जीएसटीआर-3Bक्यूआरएमपी

My supplier has not filed their return and my credit is blocked. What can I do?

Input tax credit only becomes available once the supplier files their GSTR-1, so until they do, the credit legitimately cannot be claimed. The practical remedies are commercial rather than legal: hold back the tax portion of their invoice until the credit appears in your GSTR-2B, and make that a written term of your purchase orders. Claiming credit that does not appear in GSTR-2B invites a demand with interest and penalty later.

इनपुट टैक्स क्रेडिटजीएसटीआर-1

What happens if I file a GST return late?

A late fee of ₹50 a day accrues, ₹20 a day for a nil return, alongside 18% annual interest on any unpaid tax. The more damaging consequence is that the portal blocks the next period's GSTR-1 until the previous GSTR-3B is filed, so one missed month cascades into the next. A business several months behind usually needs the filings brought up to date in sequence before anything else can proceed.

जीएसटीआर-3B

Can I cancel my GST registration if the business has stopped?

Yes, but every pending return must be filed first, and a final return in GSTR-10 is due within three months of cancellation. Simply abandoning a registration does not end the obligation — late fees continue to accrue against a dormant GSTIN, and the liability follows the proprietor or directors personally. Cancelling properly is much cheaper than leaving it.

जीएसटी पंजीकरण

व्यवसाय शुरू करना

मुझे प्राइवेट लिमिटेड कंपनी, एलएलपी या एकल स्वामित्व में से क्या चुनना चाहिए?

छोटे अकेले व्यवसाय के लिए एकल स्वामित्व, पेशेवर साझेदारी के लिए एलएलपी, और निवेश जुटाने की योजना हो तो प्राइवेट लिमिटेड कंपनी उपयुक्त है।

प्राइवेट लिमिटेड कंपनी पंजीकरणसीमित देयता भागीदारी (एलएलपी) पंजीकरणएकल स्वामित्व पंजीकरणएलएलपीओपीसीएकल स्वामित्व

What does a company have to file every year?

Every private limited company must file its annual return in MGT-7 and financial statements in AOC-4 with the Registrar of Companies, hold at least four board meetings, get its accounts audited whatever its turnover, and file an income tax return. Directors must separately complete DIR-3 KYC by 30 September each year. ROC late fees accrue daily without a cap, which is why a company two years behind can owe more in penalties than it earned.

कंपनी वार्षिक आरओसी फाइलिंगआरओसीडीआईएन

Do I need GST registration the day I start?

Only if you are selling goods across state lines, selling through an e-commerce platform, or expect to cross the turnover threshold quickly. A local service business starting small does not need it on day one. That said, registering early is usually the right call if your customers are other businesses — they need a GST invoice to claim their credit, and many will not buy without one.

जीएसटी पंजीकरण सीमा

दस्तावेज़ और सुरक्षा

क्या मेरे दस्तावेज़ आपके पास सुरक्षित हैं?

हाँ — दस्तावेज़ एन्क्रिप्टेड निजी स्टोरेज में रखे जाते हैं जो कभी सार्वजनिक रूप से पढ़े नहीं जा सकते, और हर डाउनलोड लिंक कुछ ही मिनटों में समाप्त हो जाता है। केवल आप और आपके काम पर लगा विशेषज्ञ ही उन्हें खोल सकते हैं। पैन, बैंक विवरण और फॉर्म 16 जैसी चीज़ें हम उसी गंभीरता से संभालते हैं — कुछ भी ईमेल से नहीं भेजा जाता, कुछ भी साझा ड्राइव में नहीं रहता।

What documents do I need for an income tax return?

For a salaried return: PAN, Aadhaar, Form 16 from every employer you had during the year, bank statements for the financial year, and proof of any deductions you intend to claim. If you sold shares, mutual funds or property you will also need the transaction statements. Each service page lists exactly what that service needs, and your portal shows the checklist with the ones still outstanding.

व्यक्तियों के लिए आईटीआर फाइलिंगफॉर्म 16पैन

I have lost my Form 16. Can I still file?

Yes. Form 16 is a convenience, not a requirement — the underlying figures are in Form 26AS and your Annual Information Statement, both available on the income tax portal, and salary details can be reconstructed from payslips. Your former employer is also obliged to reissue it. We routinely file for people who never received one.

फॉर्म 16फॉर्म 26ASएआईएस

शुल्क

आपकी कीमतें वेबसाइट पर क्यों नहीं दी गई हैं?

क्योंकि हर मामले में काम अलग होता है और एक तय कीमत अधिकतर लोगों के लिए ग़लत होगी। आप अपनी स्थिति बताइए, हम काम शुरू होने से पहले उसी के लिए एक निश्चित कीमत देंगे।

Is the quoted price final?

Yes. The price we send is fixed for the scope described in it and does not change once you accept. If something genuinely outside that scope emerges — an undisclosed second business, say, or a year of unfiled returns — we tell you before doing the work and you decide. We do not add charges after the fact.

How do I pay?

By bank transfer or UPI to the account shown in your portal, after which you submit the payment reference and we confirm it against our statement. You will see the confirmation and your invoice in the portal, usually within a working day. Card and online payment options are being enabled and will appear in the same place when they are.

What if I change my mind after paying?

If we have not started work, the payment is refunded in full. Once work has begun, we refund the portion not yet done, assessed against the stage your order has reached — which is visible to you at all times in the portal. Government fees already paid on your behalf, such as ROC or trademark filing fees, cannot be recovered and are not refundable.

हमारे साथ काम करना

मेरी फाइलिंग वास्तव में कौन करता है?

हमारी टीम का एक योग्य सदस्य — और जहाँ काम की माँग हो वहाँ चार्टर्ड अकाउंटेंट — आपका रिटर्न तैयार करके फाइल करता है, और उसका नाम व भूमिका आपके ऑर्डर पर दिखती है। पाठक एसोसिएट्स संजय पाठक की प्रैक्टिस है, जो रांची से पच्चीस साल से अधिक समय से पंद्रह हज़ार से ज़्यादा ग्राहकों के लिए काम कर रही है।

How do I reach you if something is wrong?

Raise a query against your order in the portal and it reaches the person handling your work directly, with the full history attached. For anything urgent, WhatsApp is fastest and reaches the office during working hours. Every reply is also emailed to you, so nothing depends on remembering to log in.

I have received a notice from the Income Tax Department. Can you help?

Yes, and it is worth acting quickly because most notices carry a response deadline measured in weeks. Send us the notice and we will tell you what it actually says, what it requires and what it will take to answer. Many notices are routine mismatches that resolve with a simple reply; some are not, and knowing which you have is the first thing to establish.

आयकर नोटिस सहायता

I already have an accountant. Can you take over mid-year?

Yes. We need your previous returns, the current year's records and, for GST, access to your filing history so nothing is filed twice or missed in the handover. The most common difficulty is an incomplete handover rather than anything technical, so we ask for a specific list at the start and tell you what is missing before agreeing a price.

आपका सवाल यहाँ नहीं है?

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