एलएलपी क्या है?

अन्य नाम: Limited Liability Partnership

एलएलपी वह संरचना है जिसमें साझेदारी की सुविधा और कंपनी जैसी सीमित देयता दोनों मिलती हैं — साझेदार की निजी संपत्ति सुरक्षित रहती है।

It needs at least two partners with no upper limit, and at least two designated partners who must be individuals, one of them resident in India. There is no minimum capital.

Annual compliance is lighter than a company's: Form 11 by 30 May and Form 8 by 30 October. Audit is only required above ₹40 lakh turnover or ₹25 lakh contribution.

क्यों मायने रखता है

It is usually the right structure for a professional services firm — the liability protection of a company without a company's compliance load.

एक उदाहरण, आँकड़ों के साथ

Two consultants compare an LLP against a private limited company for a practice with ₹60,00,000 of turnover.

आँकड़े उदाहरण के लिए हैं; आपकी स्थिति के अनुसार बदलेंगे।
LLP: statutory audit	Not required below ₹40 lakh turnover — required here
Company: statutory audit	Required at any turnover
LLP: annual MCA forms	Form 8 and Form 11
Company: annual MCA forms	AOC-4, MGT-7, plus board and AGM records
LLP: can issue equity shares	No
Company: can issue equity shares	Yes

For a practice with no plan to raise investment, the LLP carries the same limited liability with materially less annual machinery. The moment external equity is on the table, the answer flips.

कानूनी स्थिति

प्रत्येक आँकड़े के साथ उसका स्रोत।
मद	मान	स्रोत
Governing statute	Limited Liability Partnership Act 2008	Act 6 of 2009
Minimum partners	2 partners, 2 designated partners, at least one resident in India	Sections 6 and 7, LLP Act 2008
Annual filings	Form 11 by 30 May and Form 8 by 30 October	Sections 35 and 34(3), LLP Act 2008
Audit threshold	Turnover above ₹40 lakh or contribution above ₹25 lakh	Rule 24(8), LLP Rules 2009
Late filing penalty	₹100 per day per form, uncapped	Section 69, LLP Act 2008

इसे इनसे न मिलाएँ

ये शब्द अक्सर एक-दूसरे के लिए इस्तेमाल कर लिए जाते हैं। ये अलग हैं।

Partnership firm

A partnership under the 1932 Act gives no limited liability — each partner's personal assets stand behind the whole of the firm's debts. An LLP is a body corporate and does.

Private limited company

A company can issue equity shares and is what investors fund. An LLP cannot, and converting later is a project rather than a form.

आम सवाल

Can an LLP take investment?

Only as partner contribution, not as equity shares. Institutional investors will not take an LLP interest, so a venture expecting to raise should incorporate as a company from the start rather than convert under time pressure.

What is the real cost of an idle LLP?

₹100 a day per form, on two forms, without any cap — and the designated partners are personally liable for it. This is the single most expensive dormancy in Indian business law.

जो अक्सर ग़लत होता है

Not filing the LLP agreement in Form 3 within thirty days, leaving the Act's defaults in force
Missing Form 8 or Form 11 and letting the uncapped daily penalty accumulate
Choosing an LLP and then needing to raise equity
Assuming no audit applies, when the contribution threshold triggers one independently of turnover